Psyllium

Psyllium is a bulk laxative. The powdered seeds are taken with ample water, and once in the intestine they swell. This "bulk" encourages defecation, and the mucilage tends to soften the stool and make it easier to pass. This herb is frequently recommended for the treatment of constipation and is even approved as an over-the-counter drug in the United States under brand names such as Fiberall, Konsyl, Metamucil, Modane Bulk, or Serutan. In addition to its value for treating chronic constipation, psyllium can be useful in treating diarrhea.

In one study, symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome improved with psyllium administration. Diarrhea following gallbladder surgery has also been successfully treated with psyllium seed. Psyllium preparations can reduce pain and bleeding from hemorrhoids.

Psyllium seed has also been used to reduce high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. In an eight-week trial, total cholesterol decreased by 14 percent and undesirable LDL cholesterol by 20 percent. In studies lasting more than two months, triglycerides came down to just over half the baseline levels. Psyllium seed is also reported to slow the absorption of dietary sugar. This may be beneficial in diabetes, although it is a subtle effect.

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